Friday, May 31, 2019

Treatment of Nature by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge E

William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge had vastly different paper styles as well as opinions of the material they treated in their writing. One of the primary differences betwixt the two is how each treats nature in his work. Wordsworth, in his self-proclaimed writing like the common man, often expresses a nostalgic appreciation for nature, as can be seen in Tintern Abbey. On the other hand, Coleridges character, the mariner from The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, scorns nature and only learns to respect it, not necessarily to love it. Coleridge treats the supernatural further more than Wordsworth, and it is debatable as to whether or not his frequent use of opium contributes to this tendency. Overall, it stands to reason that nature is presented as a pure, innocent, and desirable thing to Wordsworth, and Coleridges writing deems it unpleasant, albeit powerful.Wordsworths Tintern Abbey is a poignant view of his return to the Banks of Wye, where he spent much of his youth. He clearly feels favorably toward Nature, which as it seems is the entire focus of the poem. subsequently a description spanning the first 21 line stanza about certain aspects of the Nature he recalls favorably, he calls them beauteous forms and says that he experiences feelings too of unremembered pleasure because of them (line 22, 30-31). Wordsworths mission statement in Lyrical Ballads is essentially to use the language and to recapture the beauty of ordinary men, while still establishing his prowess in poetry. His storey of nature in Tintern Abbey represents not necessarily the language of ordinary men, but he believes these pure forms of nature upon which he reminisces to be a common severe across the lines of class. However, he claim... ...osing Wordsworth and Coleridges poems, it can be deduced that Nature must be loved and feared. This might seem reminiscent with traditional views of God, as he is believed to be a beautiful albeit powerful form of power. Thus, Nat ure is established as an all-encompassing form of power that can govern ones life.Works Cited1.Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. Norton Anthology of English Literature The Romantic Period Volume D, 8th edition. Ed. Greenblatt, Stephen. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 2006. 430-446. Print.2.Wordsworth, William. Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey, on Revisiting the Banks of the Wye during a Tour, July 13, 1798. Norton Anthology of English Literature The Romantic Period Volume D, 8th edition. Ed. Greenblatt, Stephen. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 2006. 258-262. Print.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

The Modern Day Gikuyun Farmer :: Economics Kenya Agriculture Essays

The Modern Day Gikuyun FarmerThe following are excerpts from a question project undertaken by Ramya Bavikatte on her Washington Semester at American University. Ramya traveled with her class to Kenya, where she learned more about the issues of small holder agriculture and the Gikuyun farmer.The purport of this research project is to study the economic and tender implications of smallholder agriculture in Kenya. The shift of smallholders from subsistence farming to cash crop farming created significant changes in the standards of living, social security, reproduction, and the sexual division of labor. With the strong social impact of commercial farming, many Kenyans are wondering whether they are materially better or worse mutilate than they were thirty five years ago. One of the most evident ways in which commercial agriculture affects the Kenyan people is through ecological and place down degradation. Due to the ever-increasing pressures put on the land, frequent aridity has le d to greater risk of a bad harvest or even famine. Food residual to Kenya has become more common, therefore elevating the dependency on donor countries. Since a well-organized system of providing social security does not exist in Kenya, the best dominance of economic security comes through the ownership of land. In addition to the land security, commercial agriculture provides an inlet for added security through market extensions. Market extensions attend farmers and their families by providing loan and investment services. Unfortunately, the population boom in Kenya, as everywhere in Africa, means less land and agricultural opportunities consequently, the increased countryfied density has forced people to seek work in the cities. Although the city dwellers have more control over their work conditions, they are by no means financially stable since the work will inevitably be in the informal sector. All the needs of the city dwellers must be met by cash payments, of which they ra rely have enough. Perhaps commercial agriculture is not entirely to blame for the population boom. It could be considered, however, as a catalyst for industrialization. industrial enterprise coupled with commercial agriculture will exacerbate social tensions already in existence among the Kenyan people. Any shift towards higher productivity or income growth in the population as a whole must increase the range of wealth differences. Unfortunately, the economic gap between the North and southernmost grows as wealth continues to transfer of the Norths sector. The Natural Environment of the Gikuyu Farmer Gikuyuland makes up a large portion of the great East African plateau.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

The Death Penalty :: essays research papers

The Death PenaltyIs the closing penalty just or unjust? It has been argued that capitol punishmentis imposed merely to recreate a desire for revenge. Whether or not a punishmentis legal depends upon whether or not it serves a valid goal or purpose of apolicy. The demolition penalty is usually defended on two grounds is useful andthat is just . Is capitol punishment honourable or immoral? Is the expiration penaltymoral? Capitol punishment is imposed to spare future victims of murder bycarrying out the threat of execution upon convicted murderers. The deathpenalty punishes them not for what they whitethorn or may not do in the future exactly when whatthey have already done. Its unclear that the murderer has the same right tolive as their victim. " Our ancestors... purged their guilt by banishment, notdeath. And by so doing they stopped that endless vicious cycle of murder andrevenge." (Euripedes, Orestes 408 B.C.) By 1500 in England only major feloniescarried the death penalty. Reform of the death penalty began in Europe by the1750s. By the 1850s these reform efforts bore fruit. Michigan firstabolished the death penalty in 1847. Various public ruling polls report thatmore than 70% of Americans favor the death penalty for murder. By 1991, some2,350 persons were under the death sentence in 36 states. The death penaltyshould be moral because, " a life for a life." Is the death penalty immoral?Life imprisonment without the possibility of parole is a virtual(prenominal) alternativefor the small number of offenders who are likely to be executed in any givenyear. Justice does not demand death but justice does demand that murderers bepunished. If punishment is justifiable as for restoring justice and the moralorder, it does not necessarily follow that capitol punishment is moral. " Thedeath penalty only allows us to extend the pain. It allows us to continue toblame one another, to turn against one another, to learn to hate better" . Many people think that by executing some criminals, we will deter others. The embodyto send a murderer to a death penalty is about 3 million dollars. The cost isdramatically lower to keep a criminal in for life imprisonment without thepossibility for parole. The death penalty is just " cruel and unusualpunishment." Personally, the death penalty is moral and just. If you take alife you should have yours taken. It is here to show that the death penaltypunishes the murderer for what they have already done.

Analysis of The Prime of Miss Jean Brodice by Muriel Spark Essay

Analysis of The height of Miss Jean Brodice by Muriel SparkThe Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is a novel about a instructors allegiance to her pupils. It is also about obedience and treachery. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is a novel about a teachers commitment to her pupils. It is also about loyalty and betrayal. The novel emphasises the effects of dedication, loyalty and betrayal within a small group of people and the authority in which they argon all intertwined. It forces the reader to look at particular aspects of these themes. When has dedication gone too far? To what extent is loyalty due to another? Can betrayal be justified? These themes are joined when a teachers dedication becomes interference in her students life forcing that student to attract her loyalty and put a stop to the situation, an action branded by the teacher as betrayal. The most obvious theme in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is that dedication to the young has a definite limit, it should stop at guidance. It becomes evil when it is extended to domination of their and direction of their lives. Miss Brodie is very protective of her class of 1931, she feels the are the crme de la crme and they attract her special dedication. Miss Brodie took them to the theatre, to galleries and museums where they were encouraged to emulate the dedication of powerful female figures such as Pavlova and Sybil Thorndike. However, her dedication is deep These are the years of my prime. You are benefiting by my primeones prime is the moment one was born for. (P44) Miss Brodie believed that her immense dedication was in the best interests of her girls. However, it is quite apparent that the girls do not receive a prime education. Miss Brodie felt that the knowledge the girls were meant to have for exams was fiddling If there are any intruders, we are doing our history lesson our poetry English gramma The small girls held up their books with eyes not on them, but on Miss Brodie. (P11) It is impossible to de ny that Miss Brodie had great dedication towards her girls. However, her motives for her dedication and the lengths she goes to are in her own interests rather than in the interests of her girls. Miss Brodies dedication to her girls went too far, she went beyond the stage of merely bringing out the best in the girls and began too meddle in their lives It was plain... ... her decision was regrettable but inevitable. The themes of dedication, loyalty and betrayal in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie are all quite closely connected. Miss Brodie is liked to a idol figure She thinks she is Providence, she thinks she is the God of Calvin, she sees the beginning and the end (P120) Her dedication is largely focused on her set, who can be seen as her disciples, and sandlike who would therefore be Judus. The difference being that Sandys betrayal is justified Its only possible to betray where loyalty is due, said Sandy. Well, wasnt it due to Miss Brodie? Only up to a point, said Sandy (P127) Th e three themes of dedication, loyalty and betrayal are all closely knit and so they complement each other in the way they are woven into the story. As Miss Brodies girls were being formed, Miss Brodies nature was also growing and the principals governing the end of her prime started with her dedication, climaxed with a breach of loyalty and finished with a betrayal. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie demonstrates clearly that dedication should stop at guidance, that loyalty is due only up to a point and that betrayal can be justifiable.

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

ART CRITICISM PAPER -- essays research papers

ART CRITICISM PAPERThe Grafin von Schonfeld with her Daughter by Elizabeth Louise Vigee-LeBrunIn the University Of Arizona Museum Of Art, the Pfeiffer Gallery is displaying many art pieces of embrocate on canvas paintings. These paintings be mostly portraits of people, both famous and not. They are painted by a variety of artists of European e realplacenice and American decent amongst the mid 1700s and the early 1900s. The painting by Elizabeth Louise Vigee-Lebrun caught my eye and drew me in to look closely at its composition. The Grafin von Scholfeld with her Daughter is oil on canvas art piece painted in 1793. It is a painting of a fair sex holding her daughter on her lap, the woman being The Grafin von Schonfeld. The woman is dressed in clo trim downg that is from the upper class or a royalty stature in the late 1700s. The clothing looks rich in actual and sleek like silk in the colors of wine and a rich green. She has a covering on her head that looks like an extravagant scarf that drapes over her shoulder on one side, also made of the same silky material used for her dress. The woman has pale skin, reddish brown hair, bluish eyes, and rosy cheeks. Her eyes look very real and penetrating when you examine the painting. The daughter is about the age of 5 or 6 years old. Her arms are around her mothers neck and legs draped across her mothers lap. The daughter is wearing a white fluid dress that looks thin in material with a red sash around her midsection. The daughter has the same reddish brown hair and rosy cheeks. The mothers and daughters eyes are every bit as big in size, while the childs eyes seem also very real and youthful.The mother and daughter are academic session on a bench of some sort on a ledge of a window with a portion of the window open. Outside the window there is landscape of mountains, trees, and a stormy sky. The sky is rich with a high value of grays including the whites of the clouds. The technique for creating the landscape out the window, the painter used an atmospheric perspective. The outside is slightly less focused and very fluid compared to the detail used for the mother and daughter. The colors used in the painting are very vivid yet rich in depth. A combination of high chroma and low chroma gives the picture its dep... ...oul. Maybe Vigee-LeBrun had this idea when painting and valued the eyes of the people she painted to show the souls and the life of the people instead focusing on features that were less valuable. The Grafin von Schonfeld with her Daughter is very interesting to look at. It shows level and context of the lives of the 1700s. The textures of the dresses are beautiful and very alluring to the eye. The porcelain skin of the mother and daughter give the painting innocence and purity, along with the loving nature between the mother and the daughter. This is a very good piece of artwork because it draws you to it with you knowing why. Once looking at the painting you find yoursel f looking into the eyes of the candid being painted and seeing another life with in the portrait. The eyes can almost be eerie as well as dyspneic at the same time. The painting produces richness and a feeling of royalty that people in the 21st century do not understand only yearn just the same. I was very impressed of the classic style of the painting and my own yearning to have the same richness and classiness as the lives that were depicted in Vigee-LeBruns painting.

ART CRITICISM PAPER -- essays research papers

ART CRITICISM PAPERThe Grafin von Schonfeld with her Daughter by Elizabeth Louise Vigee-LeBrunIn the University Of Arizona Museum Of Art, the Pfeiffer Gallery is displaying many guile pieces of anele on canvas word-paintings. These paintings argon mostly portraits of people, both famous and not. They argon painted by a variety of artists of European decent and American decent between the mid 1700s and the early 1900s. The painting by Elizabeth Louise Vigee-Lebrun caught my eye and drew me in to cypher closely at its composition. The Grafin von Scholfeld with her Daughter is oil on canvas art piece painted in 1793. It is a painting of a woman holding her daughter on her lap, the woman be The Grafin von Schonfeld. The woman is garmented in clothing that is from the upper class or a royalty stature in the late 1700s. The clothing looks rich in material and sleek like silk in the colors of wine and a rich green. She has a covering on her head that looks like an extravagant fuck off that drapes over her shoulder on one side, also made of the same silky material utilize for her dress. The woman has pale skin, reddish brown hair, puritanic eye, and rosy cheeks. Her eyes look very real and penetrating when you examine the painting. The daughter is about the age of 5 or 6 years old. Her weaponry are around her mothers neck and legs draped across her mothers lap. The daughter is wearing a white fluid dress that looks thin in material with a red sash around her midsection. The daughter has the same reddish brown hair and rosy cheeks. The mothers and daughters eyes are equally as big in size, while the childs eyes seem also very real and youthful.The mother and daughter are sitting on a bench of some sort on a ledge of a window with a portion of the window open. away(p) the window there is landscape of mountains, trees, and a stormy sky. The sky is rich with a high value of grays including the whites of the clouds. The technique for creating the landscape out t he window, the painter used an atmospheric perspective. The outside is slightly less focused and very fluid compared to the detail used for the mother and daughter. The colors used in the painting are very vivid yet rich in depth. A combination of high chroma and low chroma gives the picture its dep... ...oul. Maybe Vigee-LeBrun had this idea when painting and wanted the eyes of the people she painted to show the souls and the life of the people instead focusing on features that were less valuable. The Grafin von Schonfeld with her Daughter is very interesting to look at. It shows history and context of the lives of the 1700s. The textures of the dresses are beautiful and very alluring to the eye. The porcelain skin of the mother and daughter give the painting innocence and purity, along with the loving genius between the mother and the daughter. This is a very good piece of artwork because it draws you to it with you knowing why. Once looking at the painting you find yourself loo king into the eyes of the subject being painted and seeing another life with in the portrait. The eyes can almost be eerie as well as breathtaking at the same time. The painting produces richness and a feeling of royalty that people in the 21st century do not sympathize but yearn just the same. I was very impressed of the classic style of the painting and my own yearning to have the same richness and classiness as the lives that were portrayed in Vigee-LeBruns painting.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Healthcare & Current regulatory policy

The Current regulatory policy touching on the health care sea captains is grounded on the believe that the marketplace of these skippers operate fails because of the lack of full information concerning the healthcare services on the part of the consumers of these services (Haas-Wilson, 2010). That way a fig of professionals in this field can turn low tonicity services at prices that are not commensurate to the quality of the services to gullible consumers without the fear of being told to account for these compromised services that hitherto flout professional ethics of the healthcare profession (Haas-Wilson, 2010).Healthcare professional are always very quick to defend the existence of these enactments arguing that they ensure that healthcare professionals are offering high quality healthcare services to each and every client of these services irrespective of whether they are apprised of their right to quality healthcare services or not (Drake, 2008). Whether they ensure qua lity service to clients the way healthcare professionals argues is still a subject of intense debate.However, it is not in contention that by dictating the minimum qualification and experience that a healthcare professional should have in order to practices, there a big effect of quacks who are restrain from infiltrating the lucrative healthcare market (Drake, 2008). The regulatory agencies that have been mandated to pass rules and regulations that will be used to govern the practice of the healthcare professional is in addition another major step at protecting the clients of these services and ensuring that they get only the best and close to appropriate services.The restriction especially on advertising on the other hand which also makes up these regulations also go along way in enabling that the clients of these services make informed decision free from any influence when looking for the healthcare services. Reasons for the existence of mal-distribution of physicians in spite the high number of physicians graduating from medical school The problem of mal-distribution of the healthcares professional is not a new phenomenon in the United States especially in the rural areas (Rapaport, 1980).This has continued despite the government intervention and even the high number of medical graduates graduating from our universities and other institutions of higher learning offering medical disciplines. Healthcare professional in this case refers to the likes of nurses, nurse practitioners, physician, and physician assistants. One of the reasons for this state of routine is due to the fact a large number of healthcare practitioners prefers to locate their medical facilities in the metropolitan areas because of their high population (Sign, & Shi, 2009).Another factor that is aggravating the already worse situation is the fact that many medical practitioners are leaving graduate school as specialists like retina specialist thereby making their coating in the rural ar eas untenable (Sign, & Shi, 2009). Effects of this distribution in the context of diverse special populations There are a number of problems that are associated with this mal-distribution in the United States, some of these concerns that are associated with this kind of lopsided distribution include cost, access and finally quality.With scanty availability of healthcare services in most rural areas the question of high cost begin to haunt the consumers of this services. The few who are practicing in these rural areas can increase costs of these services without meliorate on quality of the same (Sign, & Shi, 2009). The same applies to the quality of the services which happens because of few practitioners, lack of enough information and inadequate regulation (Rapaport, 1980). Finally, the access of these services also becomes a problem to the dweller of these areas primarily because of the high healthcare practitioner to patient ratio (Rapaport, 1980).References Haas-Wilson, Deborah, (2010). The Regulation of Health Care Professionals Other Than Physician. Retrieved 25 July 2010 from http//www. cato. org/pubs/regulation/regv15n4/reg15n4d. html Drake, M. Dawn, (2008). Examining the Issue of Mal-Distribution of Physician through GIS A Case Study of Retina Specialists in the United States. Retrieved 25 July 2010 from

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Levi and Strauss & Co

Levi Strauss & Co. is a flourishing business. Since the early days, it has been a leader in the garment industry. The original and close famous Levi Strauss product is blue jeans. Jeans have become desirable and even fashionable clothing for not only miners, farmers, and cowboys, but also for movie stars, executives, women, children, and teenagers from all told over the world. Throughout its history, however, the keep company has researched and developed a number of other products. The company now markets a wide range of clothing and accessories, all beneath the brand name Levis.Many new Levi products have been launched over the years. Some of these have succeeded beautifully, but others have flopped completely. The company is still best known, however, as the maker of Levi jeans, the knickers that are guaranteed to shrink1, wrinkle, and fade2. In 1954, flushed with the success of the cotton twill pants it had introduced a few years earlier, Levi brought out a line of permanent cheer (no-iron) slacks. Within six months, 5 out of every 100 pairs sold had been returned, and Levi had to admit it didnt have the right fabric for permanent press.Fifteen years later, as the company was planning its major expansion, it hit on a couple of equally dramatic flops. First was the denim bathing suitwhich, when wet, weighed the wearer down to the doom of imminent drowning. Next was a line of disposable (throw-away) sheets and towels. These, Levi discovered, were not high on the consumers list of priorities. Unable to interest hotels in the product, the company was saved when the factory that made the sheets burned down. Levi absorbed the $250,000 loss.Eventually Levi created six new divisions, ranging from jeans to accessories and including a sizable effort in womens sportswear, Levis for Gals. The diversification3 worked. In the mid-1970s Levis gross revenue hit the billion-dollar mark, having taken 125 years to reach that milestone. Four years later sales hit $2 bil lion. In 1979 the company ranked 167 on Fortunes4 list of the 500 largest industrial corporations, and 20 in net profits. 5 Between 1970 and 1980 Levi had grown an average of 23 percent a year.In 1979 wholly it sold 143 million garments. In menswear, though, all Levi products had been aimed at the middle of the market. The company had brought out a line of moderately dressy slacks and polyester leisure suitsthe work Slack and Action Suitand was doing a brisk business with them. But the tempting upper end of the market remained untouched. If we want to grow were bethe likes of going to have to go to upper moderate price points, one Levi official explained, and somewhat higher taste level for our products. In short, they needed to dole out more expensive clotheslike the well-kept Classic. If Levi could sell sport coats, dress slacks, and, above all, suits, a whole new market would open up. The Tailored Classic might make money all by itself. But even more important, it would get Levi into the business of producing fancier and costlier clothing. The consumer would come to think of it as a manufacturer of dress apparel and it could spin off6 many more such lines in the future. Why, with such a record of success would any company be worrying about making new products?Part of the answer, obviously, is the sheer riskiness of depending so heavily on a single item. The yowl in jeans was in many ways a historical accident, and what history has given it can also take away. Then, too, the demographics of the marketplace were already beginning to change. Jeans, to be sure, were no nightlong the exclusive province of youth baby boomers7 who had grown up on Levis kept on wearing them into their twenties. But they would no longer be wearing them everywhere and all the time, as they did when they were teenagers.And the next generation of adolescents was not so numerous. The birthrate had peaked in 1957 by 1964, demographers agreed, the baby boom in the United Stated was over. The bulge in the population that the boom had created would soon be moving into a world of casual slacks, leisure suits, and coats and ties. From a marketing point of view, thats where the action would be. Finally, the competition had been gearing up. Levis had always shared the market with Blue Bells Wranglers and other national brands like Lee. But now everyone seemed to be selling jeans.Back in 1970 Levi probably couldnt have foreseen the popularity of designer jeans skimming off8 the upper end of the market. But they could sure as shooting anticipate cut-rate models gnawing away at the low end. To sell their wares, Levi knew, retailers would have to slash prices. The profit outlook in a saturated, competitive marketplace like this was bleak. Adapted from Boyd, F. (1994). Making Business Decisions Real Cases from Real Companies. USA Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. _________________________________________________________________________________________

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Computer Games †Good or Bad? Essay

Before we decide whether or not computer/ boob tube games be bad, there are many facts and opinions to consider. For example, many people feel that these games are to a fault violent and that they causal agency an undervelopment in the frontal lobe. Others feel that games are helpful and educational. There is also a health concern. According to Professor Ryuta Kawashima, The importance of this discovery cannot be underestimated. There is a problem we will aim with a new generation of children who play computer games that we be confine n incessantly seen before.The implications are very serious for an increasingly violent society and these students will be doing much and more bad things if they are playing games and not doing other things like reading aloud or learning arithmetic. I do not agree with this statement fully, though I can understand that it does occur in some cases. I erotic love playing computer and photograph games. When I was younger I used to play a James B ond game with my friends. We also played Mortal Kombat and Street Fighter. I used to love those games, and I remember making them turn off the blood because I ddint like that side to it.I still play video games, and though they may include shooting, fighting and other violence, you dont see me beating up somebody because of a video game. I do lie with that there are some bad people in the world who have hurt someone because they were influenced by violent games. Another concern is the underdevelopment of the frontal lobe. As written by Tracy McVeigh, education editor, Whenever you use self control to refrain from lashing out or doing something you should not, the frontal lobe is hard at work. Children very much do things they shouldnt because their frontal lobes are underdeveloped.The more work done to theicken the fibres connecting the neurons in this part of the brain, the better the childs ability will be to control their behaviour. The more the area is stimulated, the more the se fibres will thicken. I think I agree with this statement, becasue I have seen the behaviour of the people around me, they search out of control sometimes. They speak before they think, they fight constantly and are always in other peoples faces. One guy states Im not going to deliberate that violent entertainment is harmless.I think it has helped inspire some people to real-life violence. I am going to beg that its helped hundreds of people for either one its hurt, and that it can help far more if we learn to use it well. I am going to argue that our fear of youth violence isnt well-founded on reality and that the fear can do more harm than the reality. We act as though our highest priority is to prevent our children fron growing up into come toous thugs but modern kids are far more likely to grow up too passive, too distrustful of themselves, too easily manipulated.I agree more with him than Professor Kawashima, because I dont find that video games influence EVERYONE to b e violent. I feel that they release anger by hurting fictional characters on a screen rathern than real-life people and animals. Professor Angela McFarlane says Adventure, quest and simulation type games have a lot of benefit theyre quite complex and create a context in which children can develop important skillsWere not advocating arcate, shot-the-baddie type gamesNow thats interesting when the stereotype is that children play on the computer exclusively on their own.Teachers and parents then broke that down into skills of negotiation, planning, strategic opinion and decision-making. I feel that if television can teach us, so can video games. Video and computer games can cause health problems. In every instruction book for games there are warnings. Some people suffer from a condition called Photosensitive Epilepsy. As said by Professor whole meal flour Harding, Photosensitive epilepsy is best defined as a tendency to recurrent convulsions, precipitated either by flashing lights or patterns. I have only ever had one fit in my life, when I was younger.I was diagnosed with occipital epilepsy. Ive always played video games and hadnt had a problem. We got a PS2 (PlayStation 2) for Christmas last eyar, and time I was playing I felt dizzy. This occured with every game on PS2 except Buzz, though its a quiz game and doesnt have all those flashy graphics. I can play on the Computer, my Nintendo DS and my GameCube without a problem, it seems to just be the PS2. I agree that video games can cause health problems, though if you do everything you need to (e. g. not playing a certain game, having a break etc.) you should be alright.Computer games are they good or bad? In my opinion, I think that they are enjoyable, though they arent for some people. Those people who can be so cruel as to murder an innocent kitten or beat up a person due to these games are the reasons why there are doubts about computer and video games. Computer games are both good and bad. Good becau se they are enjoyable and can be educational, though bad because they cause some violence. Just remember, more people kill in the name of God than violent computer games.

Friday, May 24, 2019

Influence of Internet on Family Communication About Sexuality

The Influence of the Internet in Family Communication nigh Sexuality Christo Jose Central New Mexico Community College digest The mass media are an increasingly accessible way for people to learn about and see sexual port. Out of all the mass media to twenty-four hour period, adolescents theatrical role the television system and the earnings more than than any otherwise media re line. The drill of cyberspace has risen exponentially in the last few years and within a year, it is estimated that 90% of all families with children will turn over access to the internet.The word sex is the most popular search term used on the Internet today. The Internet may conduct both(prenominal) positive and negative effects on sexual health. Internet bombards the minds of the teens these days with im whiles of sex almost every single day. Aside from the quotidian dose of sexuality and eroticism provided by the mainstream media, 50% of all adolescents have said that they have encountered unwanted pornographic veridical on the internet. Many studies have been conducted to determine the extent of chat among adolescents and parents about sexuality.It has often been ordern that students are more likely to turn to friends and the media before discussing this topic with their parents. The availability of a elephantine and wide scale of culture on the internet and the freedom from the embarrassment of confrontation has compelled many adolescents in this path. Because of this, fewer families discuss sex and abstinence in their families. One study has set that the patterns of sexuality converse in a family are also dependent on the gender of the parents as well as the child.Preadolescents who have communicated with their parents about sexuality have been shown to go to their parents for more advice when they are honest-to-goodness. The internet does play a very important role in children communicating with their parents about sexuality. The internet provides a wide array of selective information that quarter lead or mislead children based on where they look for information. Some studies show that the use of internet in families have reduced the family dialogue and has led to less and less while spent with the family.This leads to a strain in communicating between the children and the parents and this lack of converse makes it uneasy on the children to go to their parents when in need of information about their sexuality. The mainstream mass media (movies, music, T. V. , magazines and the internet) provide frequent and approximatelytimes unmistakable images of sexuality. Available studies show that the media do have an continue because the media keep sexual behavior on public and personal agendas, media portrayals reinforce a relatively invariable set of sexual and relationship norms, and the media rarely depict sexually responsible models.In the Unites States, children spent about a third of their time a day undetermined to some form of mass media. Patterns of media use vary greatly based on age, gender, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic direct. thereof, one base never be sure that a message sent out through any form of media is interpreted as the same by the sundry(a) people exposed to them. The internet being a bottomless pit of information can never be fully trusted. Though the internet provides more explicit material on sex than any other media, most of these are along the lines of pornography and do more harm than good.The internet, being a product of mean(prenominal) people, isnt always accurate and can provide information that are biased and may not always prove to be useful. The personal opinions and tips expressed in many websites arent usually based on any scientific or medical facts and can thus mislead children looking for information. In a study conducted in 1993, adolescents (aged 15-17) put their friends first, then parents and then the media for sources to acquire information about sexualit y. Today, the media has risen in rank and leads as the main source of information for adolescents.Among the various forms of media, internet maintains the top spot. The anonymity provided by the internet is one of the main reasons for the children of these days turning to it for information. The risk of embarrassment and confrontation is negated female genitalia the blinds of the computer screen. The extreme nature of some of the sexual content available causes students to misinterpret many things they see online and mislead them into thinking about the prevalence of some activities in real career.The media as a whole provides a picture that is far detached from the problems of real life and it has been shown that many teenagers strive to achieve that level of unnaturalness in their lives. Patterns of Sexuality Communication Between Preadolescents and Their Mothers and Fathers This was a study conducted to examine the extent of communication and the patterns of communication in va rious families between preadolescents and their parents. Each section of the triad completed a 10-item measure of communication about risk factors for sexual activity, sexual communication, and sexual risk prevention.A majority of parents and their preadolescents reported communication had occurred about most topics. Mothers and fathers were equally likely to communicate with sons whereas mothers were more likely to communicate with daughters than were fathers. Based on the study results, preadolescence may be the optimal time for parents to provide sexual risk prevention messages to their children before sexual behaviors are initiated. Parents and other family members play critical roles in shaping adolescent sexual behavior through their parenting practices, sexuality communications, and modeling of risk reduction strategies.Greater parental monitoring and less parental permissiveness are consistently related to subsequently sexual initiation, less frequent sexual intercourse, l ess unsafe sexual behavior, fewer sexual partners, less pregnancy, and increased condom use among teens. The study found that overall, most preadolescents and their parents report that they have talked about risk factors, sexuality education and sexual risk prevention topics. The parents and the children were more prone to discuss topics like dose abuse and alcohol with their children than other sexual topics.Discussion about condoms and abstinence were least reported. Looking at the study gender-wise, we see that boys have discussed their sexuality with both the parents to the same level and have reported doing so. In the case of daughters, the patterns show that they tend to go to their mothers more for information about sexuality. Dad-daughter pairs rarely reported discussing sexuality, full stop and puberty. Preadolescents are the time of their lives when they internalize the messages they get from their parents. churlren who have been educated at this time tend to not be aff ected peer relationships and the media as such(prenominal) as those who have not been. Children whose families communicate with each other abstain from risky behaviors and have more tendencies to be less influenced by the outside media. Thus parents need to be encouraged to communicate with their children about sexuality rather than letting them search for information outside the family circle. It is better to communicate with children at the age when they are more receptive to family communication.Family Relations and the Internet Exploring a Family Boundaries Approach Introduction of internet into the family environment can influence and change the way of life in a family. The increase in the use of internet in families has prompted many researchers to see how it can influence everyday life. Connection to the internet opens a window of information to families about parenting, childs education and family health. Many studies have also severalised that the frequent use of the inte rnet by family members have cut into the time spent as a family.This results in a lack of communication among the family members which can cause the children to go after various other media to fulfill their curiosities and the need for information. Most parents view the internet as a positive force in the life of their children and buy them computers and connect them to the internet to swear out them better at school, to do more research and to learn new things. Teens dont always use the internet to match their parents expectations and in these conditions the positive force can turn into a source of conflict in the families.Conflict, if not handled well, can lead to a lack of communication or miscommunication among the family members. This can lead to a lot of assumptions and misconceptions that can surface from a childs limited view of the internet. Another argument against the use of internet is the large hole it cuts into the childs available time. Internet use is time consuming and it has been found that internet use in mettlesome frequency is instantaneously responsible for the negative effects on family communication and closeness.All this studies are based on the conception that the communication between the family members is a closed system and that the internet cuts a hole in this closed fence. Communication in a family isnt always related to the use of internet in every family. Many other factors play into this scenario. The schedules of the whole family are important and should be considered when something like this is examined. Dysfunctional families do not need the internet as a hindrance for the lack of communication among its members. Before the advent of the internet, there did exist many families who did not communicate properly within.Even with these arguments in favor of the internet, its effect on the family can not be withheld. It has been shown that frequent internet visitors go there for social purposes and their personality character istics are influenced by this and resist from normal. Adolescents who use the internet for social and entertainment purposes seem to have more conflict with their family than those who used it for educational purposes. On the whole, it can be seen that increase in the time spent on the internet has had a negative impact on the family time and a positive impact on the family conflicts.Thus, the internet is directly linked to the decrease in family coherency due to lack of communication and time spent together. CONCLUSION The three articles come to a conclusion about the nature of the influence the internet provides on family communication. Internet is a very useful resource and source of information and we can never deny its splendour in everyday life. But, when we consider its influence on the young minds, we need to think about the advantages and the disadvantages. Depending on the point of view of a person, the internet can be good or bad.From the articles we can see that the f amilies who spend a lot of time on the internet do seem to have more communication dysfunction than those who spend less time. This can be due to two different reasons. Adolescents these days depend on many different sources of information available to them to teach them about their sexuality and sometimes these resources can point them in the wrong direction. Children who dont have a good communication rapport with their parents at a young age usually dont develop a good communication bridge with their parents when they get older and the peer relationships are stronger.Some of the messages put across by the internet are factually wrong or morally incorrect and many children encounter this as the truth due to lack of communication with parents. This leads to development of wrong set of ideas and can lead to various risky behaviors in the sexual context. The inordinate amount of explicit sexual content available on the internet can confuse the minds of teens and younger children al ike and can lead to a state of mind in which many of the things depicted may seem natural for them.This again leads to risky sexual behavior. Another way the internet seems to affect the family communication is by cutting into the time spent as a family. This goes hand in hand with the earlier mentioned fact as this leads to lack of communication between the parents and the children leading the children to go elsewhere in search of advice or information. The whole thing works as a circle in which the increased use of internet by children has a negative impact on family communication about sexuality.But it has been shown that parents who communicated with their children at a young age make an impact in their receptive minds and can thus strengthen the bond between the members of the family. This can lead to open communication in a family and thus the children can be educated properly and correctly about the various aspects of sexuality. From this, we can come to the conclusion that e arly development of a good bond with parents and the adjudge of the use of internet (among many other factors) can help children grow up to be sexually responsible adults.Since I am already an adult, I will use this information I have gained in the future with my family. Making sure to have an open and trustful bond with my children would be my patriarchal objective when bringing them up. I will try to communicate better with my family in that way and can teach my children things that I myself have gone to various places to find. During the time I grew up, my main source of information on this topic was the internet and my peers which have led me to learn through trial and error which was risky and dangerous.I realized from writing this article that one of the causes of this was the internet and I will make sure that my children wont have to repeat my mistakes. Also, on a broader view, communication is very important in getting any kind of point across to people and it is importan t to look for accurate information when trying to teach someone something. Depending on the internet is not always accurate and in the right point of view. Another thing that can be learned from this is that it is always important to take time to open communication channels and talk to people.Lack of communication can lead to lack of cohesion and more problems anywhere, be it work, family, friends, etc. BIBLIOGRAPHY Brown, J. (2002). Mass Media Influences on Sexuality. Journal of Sex Research, 39(1), 42-45. textbookmark-start P textbookmark-end Wyckoff, S. , Miller, K. , Forehand, R. , Bau, J. , Fasula, A. , Long, N. , et al. (2008). Patterns of Sexuality Communication Between Preadolescents and Their Mothers and Fathers. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 17(5), 649-662. Mesch, G. (2006). Family Relations and the Internet Exploring a Family Boundaries Approach. Journal of Family Communication, 6(2), 119-138.

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Medical Ethics

medical exam ethics is of paramount importance for a physician beca handling he is dealing with something as delicate as human life. Medical profession, therefore, presupposes on the part of a doctor a code of conduct to which he has to adhere personally and professionally. A doctor has to bear in heading constantly and scrupulously that he is not in the rat race of minting money but he is an inseparable part of a noble task where considerations of kindness and compassion takes precedence over callousness and casualness because a doctor is wielding his blade to cure not to kill.DEFINITION Medical ethics is the rig of rules for evaluating the merits, demerits as well as hazards, and social concerns regarding activities in the field of medical practice. INTRODUCTION Medical ethics has many things in common with the ethics in other branches of medical science like nursing and healthcare. Ethical thinkers eat up advocated many reliable methods useful in evaluating the ethics of a pa rticular situation. These methods consecrate forward forward certain principles which medical practitioners should consider while making a medical decision.Six General principles of medical ethics are as under Six General Principles of Medical Ethics 1 A physician shall devote himself to the task of providing competent medical give-and-take and care, with kindness and rate and shall hold in high esteem human dignity and rights. 2 A physician shall safeguard the standard of professionalism, be honest and above aggrieve in his interactions, and strive to expose physicians who are deficient in their character or competence, or are engaging in fraudulent practice or deception. A physician shall continue to acquire, apply, and further scientific knowledge, shall be committed to medical education, He shall be making relevant information available to his diligents, his colleagues, and the public, shall consult, and use the talent of other health experts when required.4 A physician sha ll not shirk from the responsibility of participating in activities which improve the community and contribute towards procession of public health. 5 A physician shall, at the time caring a patient, consider his responsibility to the patient of paramount importance. A physician shall restore medical care accessible to all people Four core principles of medical ethics are as under 1 Immoral benevolence Ethical Principle of immoral beneficence categorically states that the physician should not allow a conflict-of-interest to influence medical judgment. For instance, doctors who get income from referring patients to patologists/pathological laboratories medical tests have been shown to refer more and more patients for medical tests not for diagnostic purpose but for getting commission from pathologists.This practice is prohibited by the Ethics manual Of American College of Physicians with a view to preventing a doctor forming an unholy nexus with a pathologist. 2 Killing a patient o r committing Abortion correspond to Hippocrates oath a doctor will follow a system,according to his ability and judgement which he considers technical for his patient and he will abstain from bad and mischievous practice.He will not feature to a woman any medicine to produce abortion . He will not give deadly medicine to anyone even if asked . A doctor will pass his life with purity and holiness and practice his art honestly. 3 Prohibition of inner relationships with the Patient Medical ethics proscribes sexual relationship between a doctor and a patient. Doctors who break this rule are made to face deregistration and prosecution. 4 Not to Treat family membersAccording to this principle of medical ethics It is considered inappropriate for a doctor to treat members of his own family (parents , children, partners etc. ) The reason behind this is that the patient may not to be open and honest regarding his condition, because of the family relationship, and that the family relatio nship may even be used to compel the patient in to agree to treatment he might otherwise have not, thus treating patient of ones own family amounts to interference with patients autonomy.Secondly, however, a patient with a doctor in his family may prefer to seek treatment from him , due to the greater trust he has in him, the greater convenience he represents but it is not good because in certain cases family relation is used to exert pressure or used for manipulating the physician into providing treatment he might otherwise see as inappropriate in the facts and cicumstances of the patient (e. g. anorexiants, drugs of addiction).

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

HR Management and Motivation Essay

High employee motivation is a function of many internal and external factors and can be intrinsically or extrinsically led. Many employers odor that the real objective of the supervisor or HR manager is to ensure that employees ar intrinsically motivated. This is because such an employee works hard on his job because he enjoys it and wants to do it, and he may continue to do so regardless of extrinsic rewards to a certain extent (Schop, 2). I myself faced a plaza recently where I had immense travail and enthusiasm to do that work and it was majorly sourced by intrinsic motivation.One of my professors was starting a community welfare friendship and requested pupils to join in as volunteers. We had to go to different organizations that worked with special people and spend time with them and do various activities. I joined in as a volunteer as well and started at a school that worked for the rehabilitation of special children. The first day was an eye opener for me. at that place were kids of all ages there, handicapped in some way or the other, and yet they were the sweetest and the most adorable children.Not only had I felt thankful to beau ideal for qualification me such a complete human being and for bestowing such blessings on me, but I also felt deeply for those children. I started tour them twice a week and did various different activities with them for hours. Time always flew by quickly and all the children would hug and kiss me when I was going away. After leaving that place, I always felt a strange sense of tranquility over me and great personal satisfaction. It was a great feeling to be doing something for those who are less privileged than us.The love they showed me, the thankfulness in their gestures and the smiles in the eyes was enough to take me there every other day. I started to love outgo time there with those people, and started to visit them more and more regularly, taking various things with me for them. From twice a week to thrice , I started expending ten to fifteen hours a week over there. This was all because I loved going there and enjoyed every minute I spent there. The pleasure, the comfort and the satisfaction after spending time there intrinsically motivated me.Seeing my dedication, my professor made me the leader of the volunteers working there, which added to my motivation. He gave me full autonomy and freedom to decide and invention activities, shifts and rotations. I had a chance to introduce more fun activities there for the children and plan the work of volunteers, and this also added to my motivation. Encouraging leadership and responsibility opportunities serves as one and only(a) of the true motivators (N. a, 3) and proves to be very encouraging for the worker.Not only this, my professor also from time to time encouraged me and complimented me on my efforts. These things added to the drive I already had because the appreciation made me feel even nicer about my work. I was then asked to exp and our volunteer network and organize a proper recruitment drive from various other schools and colleges. I planned the whole process with my team and we went to different institutions and did interviews. The entire responsibility for this was on me and I this again served as a great motivation tool.I started worked harder and harder on it and gave in my full energy and dedication to this activity. My professor was highly impressed by my drive and the contributions I was making to his cause. At the annual dinner for students, he gave me a certificate of appreciation for being the most effective contributor in front of the entire student and faculty body. I felt a great moment of pride at that point and it further in simmer downed in me the drive to work for this cause.I still volunteer for the children and our network of volunteers, which started from fifteen students, has now expanded to over a sixty students. My motivation was highly intrinsic and self instilled because of the sa tisfaction I got from doing something for those people. scarce it was also complemented and enhanced by my professor who from time to time encouraged me, and added to my drive by giving me an opportunity to exercise freedom and autonomy. The reward in the end was an extrinsic tool that also encouraged me to further pursue it with more energy and enthusiasm.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Physical Restraints on Dementia Patients Essay

IntroductionA patients safety is one(a) of a toy withs primary concerns. It has become a big issue foc functiond on by the general public and policy- feedrs after medical examination exam errors put up been increasingly publicized and more hospital-related injuries be reported (Stanford University, 2001). The International Council of Nurses define a nurses role as someone who push aside work on his admit and/or in a team to c ar for citizenry of all age groups, their families, social groups, and communities, whether salutary or unwell, and in different settings. Nurses promote health, prevent illness, and look after the sick, disabled and the dying. Furthermore, they advocate for a safe environment, participate in research and moulding naked policies to relegate the health c be system. (International Council of Nurses, 2010).But what happens if a nurse has to get back betwixt a patients safety and upholding that patients right to freedom, dignity, and honour? For this assignment, the researcher wishes to take a closer look on physical chasteness use in the time-honored, specifically on delirium patients and why nurses form the need to use restraints important despite the drive of facilities and hospitals to eradicate or lessen their use. With the decrease in cognitive capability in some of the elderly patients, how comfortable are nurses in position them on restraints? Do they find these patients are ripped off of their independence? If restraints are non to be used, then what alternatives are nurses left with? These are some of the questions the researcher aims to answer through a recapitulation of current literature on the topic.BackgroundOld age brings almost numerous problems including physical, emotional, and regional disorders. (Butler & Lewis, 2003). Storrs (2008) describes old age as a biological change which causes diminishing powers of ad preciselyment. This is evident when we see patients unable to jazz with their surroun dings. Some commonality physical changes in old age include decrease in cardiac bulge output, increase in caudex pressure, impairment of gas exchange, elevation of blood glucose, decline in lean body mass, and loss of muscle mass which mends an elderly persons locomotion difficult (Boss &Seegmiller, 2001). Not only do changes occur physically, notwithstanding the elderly in addition experience various mental alterations. Mental changes whitethorn occur following normal aging, medication side effects, and inhering functional loss. (Woodward, 2004). Common mental impairments associated with old age include decline in retrospect retention, depression, and increased anxiety. (Woodward, 2004).Physical and mental changes in older adults make them vulnerable to accidents, much ending with them hurting themselves. This is more so if the patients suffer from alienation. Although not a normal part of ageing, hallucination is a common malady in people over 65 years of age. (Minis t ake heed of Health, 2013). frenzy is a term used to describe decrease of brain function resulting in memory loss, poor communication skills, absence of reasoning, and inability to per process activities of daily living. (Bupa, 2010). It causes patients to be forgetful and confused, with little or no regard to hazards around them. Confusion, lack of insight, and impulsiveness canister result to a display of behavioural problems, in that locationby making patients with Dementia prone to accidents and injuries (Ministry of Health, 2013). A field of force by Cunningham (2006) investigates why institutionalised Dementia patients range to be more disruptive. He states that an unfamiliar setting combined with memory problems can be a scary situation for Dementia patients and they act to how they see fit.Adding to this, hospital routines may be misinterpreted which can lead to behaviours that are challenging. (Cunningham, 2006) However, in that location is a strong suggestion that n urses must try to understand the importee behind challenging behaviours, and seek ways to inculcate familiarity and lessen distress amongst Dementia patients. (Cunningham, 2006). The numerous mental, physical, and emotional problems of patients with Dementia leave nursing staff to facilitate and supervise these patients in most of their activities (Weiner, Tabak, & Bergman, 2003). It is therefore vital that nurses take extra precautions when looking after patients with Dementia to prevent them from doing things that may hurt them or the people around them.Because of the continuous demands to keep patients safe while allowing time to perform daily tasks, some nurses are forced to involve coercion in the form of physical restraints. (Weiner, Tabak, & Bergman, 2003). A physical restraint is any mechanical or physical means or equipment attached to a person, which restricts movement, mobility, or access to a ones body. (Health Care Financing Administration,2000). It may include, but is not limited to, anklets, vest, straight jacket, and lap belts. A device may be considered as a restraint depending on its effect on a person. For example, a sheet may not be a restraint when used as a blanket however, tucking the sides under the mattress and restricting the person from getting out of bed makes it a restraint.A geri-chair or a tray table are normally not restraints but if they are used to stop a person from getting up, then it becomes one. (Health Care Financing Administration, 2000) Physical restraints are not medical interventions, and its application can be based upon a caregivers decision. The care for Interventions Classification define physically restraining a patient as putting on, taking off, or causing a device to limit his mobility (Sullivan-Marx, 1996). Account of current practiceDementia is the progressive decline in cognitive function which is more than what is expected to occur as a person advances in age. It is a non-specific disease which affects br ain function, memory, communication skills, problem solving, and attention. (Nordqvist, 2009). In unseasoned Zealand, it is estimated that 60% of residents in care homes are diagnosed with concord to severe Dementia, and every year an additional 250 beds are allocated for new admissions with the same diagnosis. (Bupa, 2010). An article in The New Zealand publish reveals that 50,000 people in New Zealand are now living with Dementia, and the number could triple by 2050 (The New Zealand Herald, 2013).However, with the increase in dependency in healed care, there is an alarming decrease in the number of qualified staff willing and able to care for these patients (New Zealand Labour, 2010). Because Dementia patients are unable to reason and decide for themselves, their welfare is almost always left in the hands of the nurses looking after them. But with the complex patients that are handled by nurses daily, it is common for staff to use physical restraints on patients to get them to do what the nurses expect them to do, within the time frame they are expected to be done. (Weiner, Tabak, & Bergman, 2003).But nurses are not just to restrain patients. As professionals governed by a specific body, nurses use of restraints is to be limited. In 18 July 2005,a policy was released by the Canterbury District Health wit (CDHB) Restraint favorable reception and Monitoring Group stating that all care facilities and acute hospitals in the region are to limit restraint use on patients. (Restraint Approval & Monitoring Group) In the United States, 7%-10% of Dementia patients are at one point moderate during hospitalisation, with 8% actually being tied polish up (McHutchion & Morse, 1998). These numbers were gathered 11 years after strengthening of the Residents Bill of Rights in the USA which included the patients Right to freedom from physical restraints.(Klauber & Wright, 2001) In New Zealand, 3.4%-21% of acutely ill patients were restrained during hospitalisation, wit h the restraint succession of 2.7 -4.5 days. It is quite different from the number of cases of restraint use in residential care. It was reported that 12%- 47% of patients were restrained in care facilities, with 32% of them restrained no less than 20 days a month. There is a wide range of duration of restraint use from a day to 350 days in a year. (JBI, 2002) These numbers paved way for more researchers to look into the finding ways to in effect lessen restraint use. However, most studies still channelise that nurses are resistant to the idea of totally removing restraints as an option. Review AimThe rate of prevalence of Dementia cases, the decline in the number of qualified staff to look after them, and the rampant use of physical restraints on these patients are all very alarming. withal with policies in place to limit restraint use, nurses seem to still use physical restraints on patients. Basically, this review will circle around how much noesis nurses have about physicall y restraining dementia patients. This review aims to discover nurses understanding of restraint use and unmask the reasons behind their choice to use physical restraint on Dementia patients. It aims to discover any restraint policy on restraint use in Dementia patients.It will compare data amongst procurable literature on nurses perception of physical restraints and their take on the drive for minimisation of its use. The effects of physical restraint on patients will also be uncovered as articles are subjected to analysis. Literature will also be analysed for any suggestions on how to totally eradicate or avoid restraint use. A study by the Centre for Medicare and Medicaid Services reveal that within the coda decade, there has been a constant decrease in the number of physicalrestraint use in care homes. From 1999, 21.1% of care facilities would physically restrain elderly patients. However, in 2007, the report states that less than 5% support restraints use. (Center for Medicaid and State Operations/ succeed and Certification Group, 2008) The researcher aims to draw out a conclusion on the reason behind this change and discover why despite the constant drive of administrative bodies to minimise restraint use, nurses still apply physical restraints on the elderly patients. Search StrategySearch engines like the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and Medline were utilised to find significant articles in relation to the review aim. Key words physical restraint, dementia, commodious term care, nurse attitude and behaviour were used. Google and Yahoo search engines, and the New Zealand Nursing magazine Kai Tiaki, were also used to find related studies. subsequently reading the found articles, the researcher finalised the most relative articles based on search criteria set out. The search criteria included full reports, quantitative or soft studies, and literature reviews.The articles have to be in English, published fr om 2000 to present, can be accessed fully, participated on by nurses, and limited on physical restraints used on Dementia patients. Because of the limitation in results, the researcher broadened the search and included studies done in acute settings, as unyielding as the patient in restraint has a diagnosis of dementia. After further deliberation, 7 journal articles were chosen for the review. Critical analysis of the literatureThree themes were drawn from the literatures chosen. These themes are a) factors that affect a nurses decision to use restraints b) why restraints are used and c) effects of restraints on dementia patients. a. Nurse Education influences decision-makingThe studies revealed that the nurses level of companionship about restraints dictates their decision on whether to use restraints or not. According to the study by Yamamoto et al (2009), a nurse must have either a positive cognition or a negative cognition about restraints to consider its use orchoose not to a ct on a situation. Nurses also have to analyse the situation and decide on how to cope. Their coping dictates their decision-making. (Yamamoto & Aso, 2009) For this study, the authors surveyed 272 nurses in general wards in Japan using a questionnaire involving the ethical quandary of using restraints.This study wanted to elaborate on how nurses make up a decision of restraining a patient based on how well they cope with difficult or challenging patients. Another study by Weiner et al (2003), states that a nurse has to have knowledge on patients rights, commandment of ethics, and restraint guidelines for them to decide on restraint use. The study further shows that restraint application can be viewed beneficial either to the patient, the nurse, or the institution. Comparing nurses in acute settings to those in care homes, it was found that the latter are less likely to agree to the use of restraints.This may be because most nurses working in care facilities have more knowledge abou t their facilities restraint guidelines. (Weiner, Tabak, & Bergman, 2003) Unlike other researchers, this study involves the institution and gives light to how big a role it plays in how a nurse decides about restraints. Testad et al (2005) performed a randomised single-blind controlled trial in four nursing homes in Norway. In their study, they conducted seminars and guidance sessions over six months for nurses working in care facilities. There was a documented decline of 54% inrestraint use after the educational programmes were concluded. (Testad, Aarsland,, & Aarsland, 2005)b. Reasons for Restraint UseThough nurses are trying to keep patients safe by applying physical restraints, these restraints are more harmful. Scherder et al (2010) view restraint use as detrimental to a dementia patients cognition and physical activity. They emphasize that using physical restraints on dementia patients causes more harm than good. Keeping dementia patients on restraints edit out physical mobil ity, increase patients stress, and even accelerate incontinence. (Scherder, Bogen, Eggermont, Hamers, & Swaab, 2010) A study in Israel by Natan et al (2010) 120 nurses were used as samples. 67.2% of these nurses admitted to having had restrained a patient over the past year. Some decision-making factors that nurses point at are subjective norms, the residents physical state, and the nurses own stress level.Nurses turn to restraints when a patient becomes increasingly difficult to manage and starts to prevent treatments such as intravenous infusions, catheter or tube insertions. (Natan, Akrish, Zaltkina, & Noy, 2010) cotter states there is a great likelihood for restraints to be put on dementia patients because they pose the most threat to peg, hurt themselves or hurt others. (Cotter, 2005) In moderate to severe dementia, the risk for falls is greater because of gait apraxia and unsteadiness. Agitation, disorientation, and pacing behaviours from delirium and dementia can precipitat e staff to use restraints. (Cotter, 2005) c. Effects of Restraints on Patients mavin common denominator amongst the literatures in the review is the concern for the dementia patients on restraints. Some of the listed effects of physical restraints mentioned in these articles include function decline, pressure sores, incontinence, and increased agitation. Cotter referred to dementia patients as most prone for restraint application because of their increased confusion, wandering, poor memory, poor judgement and distraught perception. (Cotter, 2005) Wang (2005) states that there is no scientific leaven that states physical restraints protect patients. Though nurses believe that restraints can keep patients safe, it may be contrary to the fact. (Wang & Moyle, 2005).Accidents like asphyxiation when patients are caught between their restraints, and falls from when they try to climb out of bed rails have been documented. Another reason that restraints are not so good to use is because pat ients get fatigued from fight when in restraints and then become unsteady once they get off the restraint. (Cotter, 2005) Restraints also leave a very negative experience on the patient. Dementia patients respond with anger, resistance, fear, and humiliation. The following is statement made by a patient after being restrained (Strumpf & Evans, 1998) I felt like a weenie and cried all night. It hurt me to have to be tied upthe hospital is worse than a jail DiscussionRecently not a stack of studies have been made on the use of restraint on dementia patients. Most articles are outdated and not applicable anymore. With the mushrooming of nursing care homes and the well-to-do industry ofnursing facilities, researches should be made on how nurses emotional state about eradicating or lessening restraint use. The locale of these studies is also not very diverse. more than studies should be conducted in various settings and environments. A patient in acute care may have a different set of concerns compared to patients in long term care facilities. A thorough analysis of why patients would need restraints in respect with the different settings they are in would have been beneficial. Like knowledge, cultural beliefs may impact on a persons decision.A study by Hamers et al (2009) used cross-sectional method to find out about reasons, consequences, and appropriateness of restraint use as seen by nurses from different parts of the world. They discovered that some degree of cultural differences determine these nurses ideas towards restraint use. (Hamers, Meyer, Kopke, Lindenmann, & Groven, 2009). Conducting studies in a more global approach can draw out an idea of why some nurses prefer physically restraining patients while others dont. The studies show a decline in restraint use after education sessions were presented to nurses. They occur at short term, all within a 6-month period which may influence the outcome of the study. The lectures may have influenced the part icipants attitude towards restraint use because they were recent, and not because they were meaningful to their practice.The studies in the review indicate that nursing education plays a very important role in influencing nurses decision on using restraints. A nurse has to be presented the rationale, risks, and alternatives to restraint use for them to be able to make a decision. The Hawthorne Effect may play a part in the studies conducted. The term Hawthorne Effect was coined Henry Landsberger in 1953 to refer to participants altering their answers because of the knowledge that they are being observed. (Sonnenfeld, 1985). The nurse-participants may have opted not to restrain patients at the time the research was being conducted because of fear of being judged for their decisions. Another grey area not thoroughly discussed in the literatures reviewed is the influence of policies set out by governing bodies or administration on nurses decision making. It was briefly mentioned in the study by Weiner (2003) but never really elaborated on.The study stated that the institution is taken into consideration when nurses decide on restraint use. Nurses view the institution as one that benefits if restraints are used. (Weiner, Tabak,& Bergman, 2003) A comparison of institution policies should have been made. These institution policies on restraint use differ in most care facilities and comparisons of how well nurses are in following them can draw a different angle on the situation of physically restraining patients. Also, the effectiveness of these policies should be evaluated to allow for their improvement. The studies also focused on reasons why patients are put on restraint. Not very well discussed was what happens with the nurse before he/she decides to use the restraint.The studies in the review failed to look at the situation from a nurses perspective. The clear message of the literatures reviewed is that restraints can and must be avoided in patients with Dementi a. No scientific express shows that restraints promote safety for these patients. On the contrary, more studies show detrimental effects of restraint application. Personal review and implications for nursing practiceThe results of the studies reviewed all indicate that there is a need to highlight lack of education amongst nurses regarding restraint use. Because knowledge and sense of accountability play major roles in restraint application, property nurses updated with trends and new policies should be prioritised. Even with reports of decrease in restraint use, a number of incidents involving misuse of restraints are still rising. One in particular is the incident final September 2010 involving a known nursing care facility wherein it was proven that an 85-year old patient has been wrongly restrained on numerous occasions. The patients wife has been repeatedly objecting restraint use but the hospital did not oblige. The staff reasoned that the patient had a high falls risk, and high levels of agitation, aggression and restlessness.The cause of the breach was said to be due to systemic failure (Otago Daily Times, 2013). This shows that though policies may be put in place, it is not an government agency that they are being followed. A closer look at the effectiveness of these policies and their appropriateness to the setting has to be taken into consideration. Currently the Canterbury District Health tabular array (CDHB) has a restraint minimisation and safe practice guideline in place. This supports their aim to reduce restraint use and treat restraints as a last resort to protect patients from harm. Nurses can be directed with the guidelines to ensuresafe practice. (Canterbury District Health Board, 2012) As mentioned earlier, a nurses perspective is often looked past. A study by Lai (2007) indicate that at times nurses feel that when it comes to issues on restraints, their inadequacy and inaccurate knowledge have always been magnified but rarely is th e pressure to do what is right in difficult situations brought up. According to the study, nurses still use restraints despite ambivalence because of fear of responsibility.A patient may fall and break his hip because he was not restrained despite poor mobility. Another reason nurses tend to use restraints is because of lack of support from management. As the nurses reported, even if they do their best, issues on short-staffing can still push them to use restraints as an aide to keep patients safe. (Lai, 2007) Another reason mentioned by Lai (2007) in her study is the constant pressure that nurses feel from management. Often it is the culture of the unit that dictates a nurses willingness to restrain a patient. A ward that strives to keep fall incidents at a low would be happy to apply physical restraints on patients to achieve that goal. ConclusionThe researcher observes a strong connection between how a nurse views a situation and the options he has on how to act upon that situati on. These nurses must be given the opportunity to learn and relearn restraints to help them make valid and safe decisions for their patients. Without visible(prenominal) options in place of restraint use, nurses will continue to utilise physical restraints because of the pressures they have to face with regards to the patients needs. A discussion of available options in place of restraint application is needed to allow for a more acceptable choice.Accountability of outcomes because of failed actions, like not applying a restraint, appears to be greater than putting a restraint on a patient. A dementia patient is still a human being entitled to his rights of freedom and dignity, and nurses have to weigh this with the notion that these patients may also be challenging. It is therefore necessary to refer to available guidelines to assist nurses in making a decision with regards to patients care. Also, keeping updated with trends in patient care may help nurses make informed decisions. Restraint use can easily become a norm when nurses feel it has been a common occurrence in a unit. All decisions have to be weighed in and thought of properly, exerting all other possibleinterventions before restraints are utilised. A restraint-free environment is far from being realised when nurses, families and administration still regard it as a solution and not a problem. With that said, nurses should not be viewed as the culprits in restraint application. Instead, nurses should be part of the solution.

Monday, May 20, 2019

Comment on how Baz Luhrmann uses video Essay

Romeo and Juliet, is a play written by William Shakespe ar in the late sixteenth century in ordinary Verona. This is an ultimate love story among the merely children of 2 originful enemies , both alike in dignity These deuce households bear an ancient grudge. in introductions this hate Romeo and Juliets love can non survive, and they atomic number 18 driven by this hate to death. From this 1595 classic play, Baz Luhr homophilen got the job of wielding it in to a twentieth centaury blockbuster.He did this by using m any different proficiencys, and even though he keeps the original dialogue, he converts many classic features of the play to give this modern feel to it. Such as horses to cars, S tidingss to guns and villages to cities argon several examples. As the film starts, the opening shot is of a modern day television. It is shown talk as a newsreader, speaking as a let out would on stage, giving background association to the audience watching. This television reflect s Luhrmanns modern setting, video display how the film will be set, rather than the angiotensin converting enzyme in which the written play was set.The TV represents the media, as our main source of information. Just as the chorus would be, stood on stage, addressing the audience, giving them required information. The headline upon the TV reads , Star- insureed l everyplaces, and above a picture of a circumvent split in two, showing both the themes of love and hate. How the pair had love enough to marry, though indoors their families t present was hate enough to drive the dyad to take their lives. Their love was doomed to die, the ring shows how they could not be together as reflected in matchless of the chorus lines , death marked love. One passing short though effective camera shot, zooms brush up the middle of a main street, with many lavishly raised buildings, until focusing upon a ample statue of Christ. Showing that religion will play some distinguish within the pl ay/film. Here loud dramatic euphony kicks in. This unison tells us that the play is waiver to be very powerful and dramatic. The choruss first line appears white upon black, in fair Verona. White and black are usu on the wholey associated with good and bad. Showing two main features of the film. Again the soma of Christs brass instrument appears, a determination up camera shot, recoiling to show two large skyscrapers dominating the skyline.Each bearing separate names, Montague and Capulet, showing the large gap surrounded by them, they are different. The thin out size of the buildings tells us they are wealthy families, but separate. The statue of Christ is stood in the middle, showing again the religious society in which the film is set. Still with the dramatic medication playing building up aura, images of patrol vehicles- cars and helicopters burn crossways the screen. Quick images. Images of deviation, linking the families with violence and ultimately the law. The medication quietens, though still robust and menacing, as a voice over man speaks the same lines as already spoken by the chorus. right away the images are shown slower, two households both alike in dignity showing the two families, again scattered by Jesus, sour looks upon the heads faces hate and malcontent, though grins upon the childrens happy, contented faces, with no worries. wind on to images of flames, representing hell, hatred and death. Headlines of newspapers flash upon the screen, linking again with the theme of the media and the modern setting. Showing there must be public interest in the growing feud between the two families, and again high spot the conflict between the two families.Extremely short images are shown of police helping well-behavedians escape the troubles caused by this offense between the Montagues and the Capulets. The medical specialty had died down up until the point of take their life, where it picks up again adding standard pressure and l etting the audience know there is great tragedy within the film. An some other modern technique is then used. Just as characters on television programs are introduced or how western wanted posters are displayed, some of the main characters are initiated. These images build great suspense though shows a building power within the play/film.Two important images from later on in the film flash upon the screen, though they are very in scrapeificant at this point, just adding suspense and wonder at this early stage. The music r from each onees a peek as the now familiar words of the prologue flash upon the screen. The words white on black, suspense, power, the words showing love, lust, hatred and tragedy. Followed by random images shooting across the screen, fireworks, choir boys singing in a loud wild fashion. Guns, characters, light and drab images showing good and evil. Loud bangs of gunshots, police helicopters, blood, fantastic images demonstrating excitement and apprehension to th e audience.Now with the music at a climax, the words in bold marking of Romeo + Juliet linger upon the screen. The + in blood red symbolising bloodshed and conflict, it is also shaped like a cross, to continue the religious theme of the film. The words are white upon black, illustrating good and evil. Here the music changes and a bouncier, more funky, modern tune kicks in as the boys stick on to the screen. These three wear bright coloured shirts- reds and lime greens, indicating good and to me fun. Though with the first line spoken you realise the Montague boys hate the Capulets.The boys are presented whizzing down a highway in an expensive looking yellow convertible, again suggesting warmth and fun. They are cool, with open shirts, brightly coloured hair, shades on heads and tattoos over their bodies. They are excitable, casual and looking at them they would not pose any threat. The car has a personalised number ordered series, Mon-005, Verona beach again showing wealth. The c amera shot is at the front of the car as it comes in to the gas station, here there is a healthful of screeching tyres, the piping of horns and basically excitable boyish behaviour.Benvolio- Romeos cousin does not come across as uncompromising, he tries to detach himself from the quarrel between the two families masters. Where as the other two Montague boys are very eager and want to be involved this is sown in their faces as a face final stage up is shown. Here Benvolio turns and another facial close up is shown, his face kinky almost looking in disgust as he turns and walks away. Here the camera turns sorrowful across to another pump as an expensive looking blue car pulls calmly in to the station. inconsolable suggesting coldness and the slow speed suggests that the driver is not excitable like the Montague boys but serious. The music shortly changes from hip to a western style tune as another personalised number plate is shown Cap-005, Verona beach. The camera is swung ar ound with a whooping sound and rests upon a close up of the bottom of the car door opening and a pair of western style cowboy mentions stepping from the car. Here the frame freezes on the boot touching the ground, Cooley and calmly and in this freeze frame he displays the words The Capulet boys with western style music playing to continue the western style theme.The boots walk away through a door the sound of spurs following, tension building as the camera shot moves again from the western boots to shoes and tights and the giggling of olive-sized girls over the western music. Leading back to more dark cowboy boots with spurs. The shoes be commodious to a Nun with a class of children and each side of their people carries resides a car of each of the two families. The two families torment the nun and her party in a very cocky sort of manor, exceptionally intimidating. So as the nun and her party speeds away to escape further torment, the two families are revealed to each other for t he first time.The fun and idiocy of the Montagues turns to fear, as Abra-Capulet is revealed. Here another facial close-up is shown. Abra wears dark menacing colours (oranges, blacks and reds- colours associated with hell. ) He has a goatee beard an earring and a silver chain with cross hanging around his neck. He has the look of a typical gunslinger, someone who could be extremely d yellow bileous. The music is now changed, as a more electric tune plays more menacing and dark than before, highlighting the danger of this man. Fear is shown in the Montagues faces, shocked by the appearance of a known enemy.This man alarms them and with this abrupt entrance one of the boys organises a wide awake movement to reveal the butt of his pistol. A luxuriant frightened movement, followed by the facial shot of a frightened face and the sound of a averse(p) gasp, signifying the fear and tension between the two families. Here there is a shot of the face of Abra moving down his body and show ing the slow movements of his hands to reveal the butt of his own pistol, engraved with the word Capulet, just as the Montagues gun was engraved with the word Montague, reflecting wealth yet again.The movements are menacingly slow, so calm and cool. Then suddenly a loud hissing sound like a serpent as Abra snarls revealing the word sin engraved on a silver establishment on his teeth. The camera is at a straight close up angle. The shot is both threatening and frightening. Here all the sounds stop as the Montagues sink back in to the car jutting that no harm has come to them. Though the Capulets are amused by the impression they hire made upon the Montagues and laugh profusely showing they do not feel threatened at all by their presence but take them more as a joke than any thing else.The Montagues took this wind up a little too lightly and decide to make a second move. Here one of the Montagues bites their thumb at the Capulets. This is shown as a close up with a silly sound com ing from the mouth of the offending Montague. Now there is anger and hate starting to show as the montages reverse the car, with the noise of screeching tyres, and the sound of a quick furious sounding, loud blast of music showing anger. The caplets sling loud though slow tempestuous words at the Montages who return fast frightened words trying to calm the situation.Though as the camera shot goes to the toilet door, the quick shocking music picks up again and Benvolio appears-an image of a peace maker leading to a close up of Benvolios gun with a change back to western music. Here with gun drawn, a close up of Benvolios apprehensive face fills the screen and silence falls. Here only the sound of an old creaky sign is heard blowing in the wind, un-nerving Benvolio further and continuing the western theme. The camera swizzles around to an image of a close up cigar universe lit and a match being dropped to the ground by Tybalt-the prince of cats.Juliets cousin Landing close to his fe et, though still intent. The music playing slowly and quietly, adding tension and atmosphere. Now there is a major(ip) close up of tybalts face. He has the look of the devil, slick black hair with tiny matching beard. He has pointed teeth that only a close up would enable us to forecast properly. He wears the colours of the devil, Reds and blacks showing hate, fire, torment and death. Also his face shows no fear, no feelings but pure untamed hate. He is just so slick and calm and as he speaks, there is a close up on his eyes.These ooze confidence and hold great hate and rage towards the Montagues. The camera then focuses on Benvolios eyes, which are the complete opposite to Tybalts. His eyes show a great fear of the other man, apprehension. All adding tension to the opening scene. On a half of body shot, Benvolio is seen putting away his steel (which in this 1997 film s actually a gun,) and in an effort tries to avoid conflict by stating I do only to keep the peace put up my swor d. His voice shaky in the eerie silence. Then another facial close up on Tybalt, as he says, Peace, peace, I hate the word.As I hate hell. All Montagues. And thee. With no quivers only confidence and raw hate. The burning match is finally stamped out with the sound of the metal healed boots grinding at the concrete ground. This long gap between lighting the match and putting it out shows a great danger. This man performer something he alone stands for power and danger. Now a small boy, symbolising innocent bystanders at the trade place, interrupts the silence. The boy just playing, shouting bang, bang triggering the attack. Tybalt draws, the music screeching.The shot looking up the barrel of tybalts gun as the word bang is said again. Showing he is willing to harm curse word citizens if need be. Now there is a range of many different camera shots, with electric music playing in the background. Tybalt does a lot of flamenco style movements, flowing, professional movements, as th ough he was fluent and skilled in the art. Very dramatic and serious movements, with no fear of being harmed. The Montagues begin to try to fight back, though not really succeeding. They are frightened you can see it in their eyes.Tybalt moves almost fashionably, where as the Montagues dont really know what to do. They shoot, showing no passion or drive. Unlike Tybalt who shows both. Tybalt is calling the shots, and in a swift movement he throws down his coat and fits an aiming device. Kissing his gun with a loving passion. People are running, frightened. The Montagues flee, leaving Benvolio and Tybalt in the petrol station. Music still flaring giving added depth to the scene, petrol covering the ground. Tybalt zooms on to one of the fleeing Montagues, taking the shot, and injuring him.The camera looking down the guns barrel as the shot is fired, pointing into Tybalts eyes. With a flickering smile he drops the cigar from his mouth, landing in a pool of petrol and igniting it immedia tely, which during the whole scene showed how contented he was with conflict. Here Benvolio flees with Tybalt in pursuit. The flames escalate, symbolising the devastation to come. The flames show hate and anger. Every body around is alter by the fighting as symbolised by the flames. Affecting peoples livelihoods, every body is effect by these civil brawls.There is very dramatic music playing now, escalating the feeling of hate and grinding between the two families. A poster is shown burning, once stating Montagues and Capulets 2nd civil brawl. This shows that it is over hate has ended that, and born a third brawl, more powerful than the previous ones. A sign is also shown burning, Add more fuel to your fire. Showing that the public are affected, and that hate is the road to all evils, symbolising the devil and hell. The camera follows the flames upwards showing things will get worse, still with the music blasting.It moves up and through the smoke screen, the two houses can be s een dominating the skyline, with the image of Jesus between them. Still looking extravagant and wealthy after the brawl. Nothings really changed. The fire is burning as strong as their hate, causing public panic and confusion. Now short images are shown of police helicopters and vehicles flying between and around the towers and statue. The music still blearing. Shots are shown from alternate angles showing news reporters reporting the third civil brawl, again linking with the media.Ted Montague (the father-head of the house) rushes to the scene in his limo with registration plate being Montague, Verona beach. Again representing wealth and power. erst more fast flickering shots are shown of the fleeing public, panic stricken, confused. Police swarming to the scene in different kinds of vehicles now, and here with the music breaching a climax the shots slow down and return to facial close-ups. Tybalt and Benvolio are screaming at each other hate in their eyes, with no more fear left in Benvolios body only hate.Cars spread upon the road, utter havoc breached by the two feuding enemies. Guns are pointed at the couple from air and ground. They have no choice but to both walk forward and admit defeat, displace their weapons to the ground. There is no music now just a loud boom as the weapons fall. epinephrine at an ultimate climax for anybody watching. The range of shots along with the series of different sounds and music create an haunting opening, showing many of the different themes and aspects of the play/film to anybody watching.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

Learning Team A Reflection Essay

Throughout this course, we established a embedation in understanding Business Information Systems. This weeks objectives were to describe how wireless technologies atomic number 18 utilize in the workplace and how to make use of spreadsheets in line of merchandise situations. bit some members of Team A were well versed in Microsoft tools, others had their first lesson on Microsofts Excel and Access fundamentals.Team As members range from a project manager who attain their Associate Degree in Computer Programming, a logistics specialists for Amazon.com, a employee in the Hilton Hotel industry, and a wine educator working in hospitalityall very different fields with varying levels of information systems background. While for some it was a review, Team A can all agree that all(prenominal) and every sensation of us gained a interrupt understanding on how and why information systems accomplish business objectives. Cheryl knew the spirit level in which wireless technologies ke pt users plugged into the World Wide Web. She was aware that smartphones and their many accessories allowed users to access their emails, schedules, rambling banking and participate in e-commerce as well as make online paymentsshe learned that M-commerce another growing trend. due to telemedicine, modern technology has allowed the medical world to provide assistance via videoconferencing. In addition, she learned that setting up and using access orientates to create meshed networks called a Wide Area Network (WAN) (Rainer & Cegielski, 2011). Xavier learned the relevancy of wireless technology in everyday life. More specifically, he learned of the different functions of varying artificial satellite types to communicate information. Kelly learned about the two basic operations of entropy mining. According to Rainer and Cegielski (2011), data mining functions inpredicting trends and behaviors and identifying previously unknown patterns (chap. 11). Angeliza discovered that Wi-Fi wa s abbreviated for Wireless Fidelity as well as the synchronization of using Microsoft Excel with Access.With the objectives of Week 3 in mind, Team A members have found varying ways in which we can apply what we have learned in the classroom into our overlord or personal lives. As a project manager, Cheryl can utilize Excel to track monetary value of goods (COGS) inventory. As a logistic specialist, Xavier can use spreadsheets in generating employee lists and creating reports to reflect the volume of freight used on a daily basis. As a team member in hospitality, Kelly can use data mining to track hotel guests sign up and preferences. In customer service, Angeliza can use the point of sale system to analyze the days sales and returns (Rainer & Cegielski, 2011).The learning activities and readings have left each member of Team A with a little more than knowledge than we had previously. Cheryl knows that Microsoft Excel and Access are a perfect duo Excel creates the tables that can be exported to Access where the data is analyzed. Xavier learned how to more effectively incorporate spreadsheet into his daily work routine. Kelly understands the role of wireless information systems in the creation of invoices for clients and make it easier to calculate daily cash sales. Angeliza learned that she doesnt need to be an IT specialist to analyze data from Excel with Access.Despite our different backgrounds, Team A members can agree that we all gained a better understanding on how Information Systems plays into effectively and more efficiently completely business goals. Week 3s lesson on spreadsheets and wireless technologies makes us more proficient in the language of information systems in the workplace and in our daily lives.ReferenceRainer, R. K., & Cegielski, C. G. (2011). Introduction to Information Systems (3rd ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database